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<p style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:15pt;"><b>第一章</b></span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:15pt;"><b> </b></span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:15pt;"><b>关于</b></span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:15pt;"><b>linux</b></span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:15pt;"><b>的历史</b></span>
</p>&nbsp;<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">很多关于</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的书籍在前面章节中写了一大堆东西来介绍</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">，可惜读者看了好久也没有正式开始进入</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的世界，这样反而导致了他们对</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">失去了一些兴趣，而把厚厚的一本书丢掉</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的历史确实有必要让读者了解的，但是不了解也并不会影响你将来的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">技术水平</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">哈哈，本人其实就不怎么了解</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的历史，所以对于</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的历史在本教程中不会涉及到</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">如果你感兴趣的话，那你去网上搜一下吧，一大堆呢足够让你看一天的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">虽然我不太想啰嗦太多，但是关于</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">最基本的认识，我还是想简单介绍一下的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">也算是我对</span><span style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的创始人</span><span style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Linus Torvalds </span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">先生的尊重</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">在介绍</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的历史前，我想先针对大家如何对</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的发音说一下</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">我发现我身边的朋友对</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的发音大致有这么几种：</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;"> “</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">里那克斯</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">”</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">与</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">“</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">里你克斯</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">”“</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">里扭克斯</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">”</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">等</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">其实官方的标准发音为</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;"> ['li:n</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">эks]</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">，因为这个发音是创始人</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Linus</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的发音</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">如果你不认识这个音标，那么就读成</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">“</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">里那克斯</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">”。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">而笔者习惯发音成</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">“</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">里你克斯</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">”</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">，当然你发音成什么，并没有人会说你，完全是一个人的习惯而已</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">也许有的读者已经了解到，</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">和</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">unix</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">是非常像的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">没错，</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">就是根据</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">unix</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">演变过来的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">当年</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linus</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">就是因为接触到了</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">unix</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">而后才自己想开发一个简易的系统内核的，他开发的简易系统内核其实就是</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux。</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">当时</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linus</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">把开发的这个系统内核丢到网上提供大家下载，由于它的精致小巧，越来越多的爱好者去研究它</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">人们对这个内核添枝加叶，而后成为了一个系统</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">也许你听说过吧，</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">是免费的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">其实这里的免费只是说</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的内核免费</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">在</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">内核的基础上而产生了众多</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的版本</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的发行版说简单点就是将</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">内核与应用软件做一个打包</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">较知名的发行版有：</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Ubuntu、RedHat、CentOS、Debain、Fedora、SuSE、OpenSUSE、TurboLinux、BluePoint、RedFlag、Xterm、SlackWare</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">等</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">而笔者常用的就是</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Redhat </span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">和</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;"> CentOS</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">，这里有必要说一下，其实</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">CentOS</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">是基于</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Redhat</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的，网上有人说，</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Centos</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">是</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Redhat</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">企业版的克隆</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">笔者所在公司的服务器全部都是安装</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">CentOS</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">系统，并且相当稳定</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。CentOS</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">较之于</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Redhat </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">可以免费使用</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">yum </span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">下载安装所需要的软件包，这个是相当方便的</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">而</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">Redhat</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">要想使用</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">yum</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">必须要购买服务了</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 21pt;"><span
        style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">笔者只是简单的介绍了一下</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">，如果你想详细了解</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">linux</span><span style="font-family:'宋体';font-size:10.5pt;">的历史，那么请自己去查询一下相关的资料吧</span><span
        style="font-family:'Calibri';font-size:10.5pt;">。</span></p>
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